Introduction

Cleansing, toning, and moisturizing (CTM) form the foundation of any effective skincare routine. These three steps help maintain healthy, clean, and glowing skin by removing impurities, balancing the skin's pH, and keeping it hydrated.

Step 1: Cleansing

Cleansing removes dirt, oil, makeup, and pollutants from the skin's surface.

• Purpose: Prepares the skin, prevents clogged pores.
• Types of Cleansers: Foaming (oily skin), Cream (dry skin), Gel (combination skin).

How to Perform Cleansing:

1. Wet the face with lukewarm water.
2. Apply cleanser and massage gently.
3. Rinse thoroughly and pat dry.

Step 2: Toning

Toning balances the skin's pH and removes residual impurities.

• Purpose: Shrinks pores, restores pH.
• Types of Toners: Alcohol-based (oily skin), Hydrating (dry skin), Astringents.

How to Apply Toner:

1. Soak a cotton pad with toner.
2. Gently wipe across the face.

Step 3: Moisturizing

Moisturizing keeps the skin hydrated and soft.

• Purpose: Prevents dryness and protects the skin barrier.
• Types: Oil-based (dry skin), Water-based (oily skin), Gel-based (sensitive skin).

How to Apply Moisturizer:

1. Take a small amount and apply evenly.
2. Massage gently with upward strokes.

Benefits of the CTM Routine

• Promotes clean, hydrated skin.
• Prevents acne and dryness.
• Improves the base for makeup.

Summary

The CTM routine is essential for maintaining healthy skin. Cosmetologists play a key role in recommending products and demonstrating proper techniques.